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V. D. N. Srinivas ¹, G. Sumalatha ¹, P. P. V. Jagannath ¹, D. Siva Kishore ¹, P. Madhu Kiran ¹, M. Jhansi Rani ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur, Andhra pradesh, IN

Abstract

Urolithiasis is a major health problem with its high morbidity, high cost of management and potential for end-stage renal disease. The aim of our study is to cure and prevent the recurrent stone formation. Herbal drugs claim many promising remedies in urolithiasis. An attempt is made in this direction in the current work by using Macrotyloma uniflorum. The experimental model selected for the present study is subcutaneous administration of gentamicin (40mg/kg/day) for 8 days and dietary supplementation with 5% ammonium oxalate starting at day 5 of the treatment regimen to induce calcium oxalate urolithiasis. On administration of aqueous extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum in preventive and curative groups, moderate to few crystals are observed along the mild appearance of edema and dilation in tubules and crystals are present focally indicating the ability of aqueous extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum to dissolve the preformed stones. The parameters monitored in the present study are Kidney weight, calcium and oxalate deposition in kidney and the histological studies support the calcium and oxalate deposition data in kidney. Thus aqueous extract of Macrotyloma uniflorum showed significant antinephrolithiatic activity.

Keywords

Urolithiasis, Macrotyloma Uniflorum, Calcium Oxalate Stones.

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P. Nagaraju ¹, V. D. N. Srinivas ¹, S. V. N. Padma ¹, P. N. V. Gopal ¹, D. Mallikarjuna Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur, IN

Abstract

Over the past decade, cavity ring down spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful technique for performing direct absorption measurements using pulsed lasers. Cavity ring down spectroscopy has since been used from the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared. It is a direct absorption technique, which can be performed with pulsed or continuous light sources and has a significantly higher sensitivity than obtainable in conventional absorption spectroscopy. It can be used to measure the concentration of some light-absorbing substances. Typically, the substances to be measured are in gaseous form. This technique is most widely known as cavity ring-down spectroscopy, although the alternative, but more cumbersome, cavity ring-down laser absorption spectroscopy is preferred by some authors. Here we discuss about the experimental implementation of Cavity ring down spectroscopy and its application to a number of areas of research including laser diagnostics of hostile environments, reaction kinetics and spectroscopy, with particular emphasis on our ongoing studies of the fast (sub-nanosecond) pre dissociation of electronically excited states of small molecules and radicals.

Keywords

Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy, Absorption Spectroscopy.

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P. Nagaraju ¹, D. Narendra ¹, P. Jitendra Kumar ¹, V. D. N. Srinivas ¹, S. V. N. Padma ¹

Affiliations
1 Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur-522002, IN

Abstract

A reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) has been developed for the estimation of entacapone in its dosage forms using C₁₈ column. The mobile phase (acetonitrile and 20 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate, P^H 3.5) was pumped at a flow rate of 1 ml/min in the ratio of 80:20 and the eluents were monitored at 320 nm. The intra- and inter- day variation was found to be less than 2% showing high precision of the assay method. The mean recovery of the drug from the solution containing 200 or 300 μg/ml was 99.66±1.20% indicating high accuracy. The proposed HPLC method may be used for determining entacapone in bulk drug samples or in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Keywords

Estimation, Entacapone, Tablets and HPLC.

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